Structure of screw decanter centrifuge equipment:
Horizontal screw decanter centrifuge structure is horizontal, is a continuous operation, the use of screw conveyor discharge equipment, belongs to the solid - bowl scroll discharge centrifuge, referred to as the decanter centrifuge. The structure of the spiral decanter centrifuge equipment is crucial to its efficient and effective operation.
Organization Composition:
Horizontal screw centrifuge is mainly composed of drum, screw, differential system, liquid level baffle, driving system and control system, etc. It uses the density difference between solid and liquid phases under centrifugal force to achieve separation. The sludge is accelerated inside the rotor, forming a cylindrical liquid ring layer. Solid particles settle to the inner wall to form a mud layer, which is then pushed to the cone end for dehydration and discharge.
Core Structure: The differential speed between the drum and the screw propeller determines the separation effect and efficiency. The traditional decanter centrifuge adopts the principle of mechanical transmission.
🔹 The Drum: A key component consisting of cylinder, cone, large end cover, and small end cover. Made of nickel-plated and phosphorus-plated No. 35 steel for high-speed rotation durability and corrosion resistance.
🔹 Screw Conveyor: Plays a vital role in transporting sediment. It includes an accelerating rotation device and reverse spiral to prevent sediment accumulation.
🔹 Drive Systems: Includes a hydraulic motor for differential speed and main bearings designed with a hydraulic station for lubrication and cooling at 3000r/min.
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Working principle of screw decanter centrifuge machine
The drum and the screw rotate at a certain differential speed in the same direction at high speed. Material is continuously introduced into the inner barrel from the feeding pipe. Under centrifugal force, heavy solids precipitate on the drum wall, while the lighter liquid phase forms an inner ring and spills over the overflow port.
The equipment features continuous feeding, separation, washing, and discharging. It is suitable for suspensions with particle sizes greater than 0.005mm and concentrations of 2-40%.
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Affecting Factors of the separation effect
✔ Drum Speed: Higher speed increases centrifugal force and solid content but may cause vibration and wear.
✔ Feed Flow Rate: Affects retention time. Smaller processing capacity usually yields better separation results.
✔ Overflow Plate Diameter: Controls the depth of the liquid ring; smaller diameters result in clearer liquid.
✔ Differential Speed: Impacts slag discharge capacity and filtrate quality. Small solid content matches small differential speed.
🚀 High Efficiency: Large processing power handles high volumes of solid-liquid mixtures.
🍃 Environmentally Friendly: Low noise, low vibration, and minimal energy consumption with no secondary pollution.
🛠️ Easy Maintenance: Simple operation and long service life reduce overall maintenance costs.
Horizontal screw centrifugal dewatering machines are essential for sludge and waste residue treatment in urban sewage plants and various industrial sectors, particularly in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What materials are used to construct the decanter centrifuge?
The drum and screw conveyor are typically made from nickel-plated and phosphorus-plated No. 35 steel to ensure high strength, corrosion resistance, and excellent weldability.
2. What particle sizes can the screw decanter centrifuge handle?
The equipment is suitable for separating suspensions containing solid phase particles with a size greater than 0.005mm.
3. How does drum speed affect the separation process?
Increasing the drum speed improves the separation effect by increasing centrifugal force, which helps in achieving higher solid content in the mud cake.
4. Is the centrifuge capable of continuous operation?
Yes, the horizontal screw decanter centrifuge is designed for continuous feeding, separation, washing, and discharging at full speed.
5. What industries benefit most from this equipment?
It is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries, as well as in urban sewage treatment plants for sludge and waste residue management.
6. How is vibration managed during high-speed operation?
The machine base utilizes an I-beam welded structure and is equipped with four rubber shear shock absorbers to minimize vibration and provide stability.
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